BASIC TYPES OF SHOCK ABSORBERS
Inexpensive, soft, comfortable for city driving at moderate speeds, but categorically unsuitable for off-roading. Their plus point is that it works only on compression, there is no gas in it. Thus, it creates a known softness, the maximum possible. Also this type of shock absorbers has its own disadvantage - the car in this case is less stable on the corners, because during braking the front part of the body may subside, not to mention the possibility of roll at speeds and at a sharp start.
The choice of drivers who prefer an aggressive driving style or frequently travel off-road. With high stiffness, gas struts provide vehicle stability on any surface. But driving comfort with such shock absorbers is significantly reduced.
Combine the advantages of the first two types, so they have high stiffness and provide driving comfort on any road surface. Inside the compensation chamber there is gas injected under high pressure. The mixing of oil and gas is prevented by a special membrane. The gas chamber is easily compressed and uncompressed, compensating mechanical loads on the body and pressing the suspension to the road. Modern gas-oil shock absorbers provide excellent grip of wheels with the road. When driving, there is minimal roll, the car shows impeccable handling even on sharp bends, and braking performance is excellent.
Mono-tube shock absorber - is a cylinder divided into two parts. One part is filled with shock absorber fluid, the other with gas under certain pressure. Inside the oil cavity moves a rod with a piston, on which are mounted valves that determine the forces of both rebound and compression. Compensation of changes in the volume of the inserted rod is carried out by moving the piston separating the gas and oil cavities of the shock absorber.
Twin-tube shock absorber - consists of two cavities: working (cylinder) and compensation (reservoir), separated by a bottom valve (compression valve). Compensation cavity is filled with working fluid by about half, the remaining free part serves to absorb additional volume of fluid resulting from both expansion during heating and displaced during rod extension. During compression and extension of the shock absorber there are resistance forces determined by the rebound valve located on the piston and the bottom valve (compression valve).